Europe’s LNG demand jumps 60% TO 121 MMtpa
Rising demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) in Europe reached 121 million tonnes in 2022, amplifying the growing independence of the industrial continent from Russian gas supplies.
European countries, including the UK, imported 121 million tonnes of LNG in 2022, an increase of 60% compared to 2021, which enabled them to withstand a slump in Russian pipeline gas imports following its invasion of Ukraine.
According to a statement from Shell which launched its LNG Outlook 2023 on Monday, Europe’s increased need for LNG would now lay basis for new investments and supply sources as the world’s gas producers scramble for shares in the expanding market space.
Europe’s major multinational oil majors including Shell, Total and Eni are partners with the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC) in the Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG) which supplies significant volume of its output to Europe.
The Oracle Today reports that the NLNG is currently building its liquefaction capacity by 8.0 Mmtpa from prevailing 22 Mmtpa to 30 Mmtpa, to maintain Nigeria’s position in the global race for greater LNG market share. Major contenders in global LNG leadership include the United States, Qatar, Australia and Malaysia.
Pockets of new plant developments are also evolving in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Shell’s LNG Outlook 2023 stated that rising demand from Europe looks set to intensify competition with Asia for limited new supply available over the next two years and may dominate LNG trade over the longer term, according to.
A 15 million tonne fall in Chinese imports combined with reduced imports by South Asian buyers helped European countries to secure enough gas and avoid shortages. Europe’s rapidly rising appetite for LNG pushed prices to record highs and generated volatility in energy markets around the world.
With reduced Russian pipeline gas, LNG is becoming an increasingly important pillar of European energy security, supported by the rapid development of new regasification terminals in north-west Europe. In contrast, China is evolving from being a rapidly growing import market to playing a more flexible role with an increased ability to balance the global LNG market.
“The war in Ukraine has had far-reaching impacts on energy security around the world and caused structural shifts in the market that are likely to impact the global LNG industry over the long term,” Steve Hill, Shell’s Executive Vice President for Energy Marketing, said.
“It has also underscored the need for a more strategic approach – through longer-term contracts – to secure reliable supply to avoid exposure to price spikes.”
The drop in Russian pipeline gas flows prompted unprecedented policy and regulatory intervention as governments in Europe sought to bolster energy security and shield their economies from high costs, including prioritizing LNG imports and quickly developing new import terminals.
In 2022, Europe’s LNG demand forced other buyers to reduce their imports and switch to other fuels, generating more emissions. High global LNG prices led to a drop in LNG imports in South Asia, with Pakistan and Bangladesh importing more fuel oil to minimize power supply shortages and India using more coal.
Total global trade in LNG reached 397 million tonnes in 2022. Industry forecasts expect LNG demand to reach 650 to over 700 million tonnes a year by 2040. More investment in liquefaction projects is required to avoid a supply-demand gap that is expected to emerge by the late 2020s.
Diverse new technologies to reduce emissions from gas and LNG supply chains will help to consolidate its role in the energy transition. And there is growing industry focus on the development and deployment of decarbonized gases – including renewable natural gas, synthetic natural gas, hydrogen and ammonia – to deliver more sustainable energy security in the future.
